Lesotho

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Lesotho is a landlocked country situated in Southern Africa, entirely surrounded by South Africa. Known as the "Kingdom in the Sky," it is perched high in the Drakensberg mountains, with an average altitude of over 1,400 meters (4,600 feet) above sea level, making it one of the highest countries in the world. The country covers an area of approximately 30,355 square kilometers (11,720 square miles) and has a population of around 2 million people. The capital city, Maseru, serves as the political and economic center, featuring a blend of tribal and government administration.

The population of Lesotho predominantly consists of the Basotho people, with a rich cultural heritage that includes traditional music, dance, and art. The country's economy is largely based on subsistence agriculture, livestock farming, and remittances from Basotho working abroad, particularly in South Africa. Additionally, Lesotho is known for its production of textiles, diamonds, and water supply, as it is home to several important rivers that provide major resources for both domestic use and hydroelectric power generation. The economy has faced various challenges, including high unemployment rates and a reliance on external aid.

Lesotho's natural beauty is characterized by breathtaking landscapes, including rolling grasslands, stunning mountain ranges, and deep valleys. The country is also home to several national parks and cultural heritage sites that attract tourists. Outdoor enthusiasts can engage in a variety of activities, such as hiking, rock climbing, and horseback riding. Lesotho's rich traditions and customs, along with its resilience in the face of socio-economic challenges, contribute to its unique identity and charm, making it a fascinating destination for those seeking to explore the heart of Southern Africa.

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Mountain Kingdom: Lesotho is known as the 'Mountain Kingdom' because it is entirely situated in the Southern Hemisphere's highlands, with its lowest point at 1,400 meters above sea level.

Unique Geography: It is the only country in the world that lies entirely above 1,000 meters in elevation and is entirely surrounded by another country, South Africa.

Basotho Culture: The Basotho people, the predominant ethnic group, have a rich culture characterized by traditional dress, especially the distinctive 'mosotho’ blanket, which has social significance.

Currency and Economy: Lesotho's currency, the loti, is pegged to the South African rand, reflecting the close economic ties between the two nations.

UNESCO Biosphere Reserve: The Maloti-Drakensberg Park, which straddles Lesotho and South Africa, is a UNESCO World Heritage site known for its stunning landscapes and biodiversity.

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